Fortnightly Review

        Publisher is Trubner; author is Mulji Karsandas.

        Seebohm discusses evidence that demonstrates a very large proportion of the people of England died of the plague in 1348-9. As well, he answers questions concerning how the English peasantry became detached from the land and what caused the conditions of England’s towns and cities to worsen. Immigration is also mentioned as a factor affecting England’s population. This article demonstrates that the population of England was much larger before the plague, than was originally assumed.

        Seebohm continues his article with a discussion of how the extreme depopulation caused by the Plague in the fourteenth century affected the relationship between land and labour. He states that a sudden fall in the market value of land and the sudden rise in the market value of labour were inevitable. This article also states that it was not until the sixteenth century that the value of land began to rise again. With this rise in land value also came a rise in the value of house property. Seehbohm also mentions the effect that war had on the population.

        A ‘sympathising and intelligent appreciation’, including historic survey of Staffordshire potteries back to the Celtic period.

        States this work is accurate, reliable, useful, and valuable; author is J.T. Gilbert; publisher is James Duffy.

        Author is Lionel James Trotter, who recognizes ‘it is time we did something more than take a merely “general interest” in the record of deeds of arms, and in sensation sketches of savage tribes, gorgeous native courts, strange manners, stranger rites, and all the “contrasts” in which most Indian historians have delighted.’

        Hebrew Philology is ‘illustrated by the chronological succession of its chief grammars and dictionaries’ (566). This article provides a brief account of the most distinguished works, including those of Zohar, Akiba and Origen. Issues of concern include how the letters of the Hebrew alphabet have their own significance and the distinct nature of the Hebrew language. Following the topic of grammar, is a second branch of Hebrew Philology called Hebrew Lexicography. The coverage is the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

        The review is primarily an essay in praise of Florence. Browning engages with T. Augustus Trollope’s analysis in a number of places but priases his ‘pure and lucid’ style, which, unlike that of his novels, is not dull.

        Author is George Brodie, a ‘nondescript’ historian who ‘tears the soft veil of distance off the middle ages, and displays feudal times in even more than their natural ugliness.’ So fond are English readers of ‘this kind of history’, however, ‘that a few months “dryasdust” research will give any man a cheap reputaton as a historian.’

        Freeman separates English history into four categories: historical, romantic, traditional and mythical. ‘Simple historic truth’ and ‘the historic mind’ must struggle against myth, legend, and tradition.

        The book is unsatisfactory -- has no plan, but rather ‘is a confused mass of details’; however many of the illustrations are excellent. Author is George R. Jesse; publisher is Robert Hardwicke.

        An episode in the history of advertising. Authors are Jacob Larwood & John Camden Hotten; publisher is Hotten.

        Molesworth discusses the various events involved in the Chartist movement and its successors. He discusses the actions of the Working Men’s Association, which advocated for the social improvement of the working class. The obstacles of the Chartists and how they overcame these problems is also discussed. Continued in June 1867 issue, pp 743-747.

        Freeman observes that ‘the popular and romantic English mind’ likes to take the Scottish side in controversy, and refers to his own debate with Robertson, outlined in History of the Norman Conquest.

        Article is signed ‘Editor’. The author remarks on the antipathy aroused by attempts to make history a science, excoriating in particular a recent publication of Froude’s lecture on this subject. Attribution Wellesley Index.

        One of the objects of this book is ‘to popularise Indian history and the Indian service by means of specimen biographies.’ Author is John William Kaye, whose main purpose is ‘that of interesting a new generation of Englishmen in an Indian career.’ Attribution Wellesley Index.

        Author is Goldwin Smith, whose subjects are Py, Cromwell and the second Pitt. He uses history to critique contemporary politics. Attribution Wellesley Index.

        Praise for the ‘genius and scholarship’ of Heinrich Ewald; translator is Russell Martineau. Published by Longman.

        The review regards British management of India as superior to French efforts. Book is by Major G. B. Malleson.

        Praise for Heinrich von Sybel’s even-handed treatment of the subject; translator is Walter C. Perry. Signed ‘Editor’.

        Review of Charles H. Pearson’s book. Freeman is scathing about the first volume, a revision of an immature work and still rife with error. Second volume is more knowledgeable but still marred by author’s scientific approach to history.

        Author is Thomas Henry Dyer.

        Fiske discusses the doctrine of free-will and volition and considers the connection between action and motive. Fiske also mentions the teleological doctrine, while pointing out its disadvantages.

        Review of a 3-volume work by John Foster Kirk, published by Murray. The subject is described as attractive and important, but the writing is sometimes ‘wild’ or ‘extravagant.’ Freeman refers to his own comments on the first two volumes in National Review. .

        Author is Dr. Wilhelm Lubke; translator is F.E. Bunnett.

        Author is Charles Perkins.

        Sir Edward Creasy’s book is judged to be a good addition to the many texts books for students about the topic, but not a useful contribution to history.

        Author is A. A. Wurtz; translator is Henry Watts.

        Review of a 2-volume work by William Longman, who is described as having done quite well for an author who is not a lifelong student of history.

        E. A. Freeman’s book is described as simple and useful to children; the maps presented are particularly useful.

        Review of the first three volumes of Edward A. Freeman’s book, published by the Clarendon Press, Oxford. Praises the author’s patience, vast research and vivid narrative, but Cox allies himself with ‘the Edinburgh reviewer’ in pointing out some inadequacies.

        Brief notice of Earl Stanhope’s work, identifying it as the link between Macaulay and Mahon.

        Author is James Godkin.

        Author is von Sybel; translator is Walter C. Perry.

        Freeman’s meditation is primarily a scathing critique of Froude, using Haddan and Stubbs as examples of historians who use archival sources appropriately.

        The work is described as well managed, well arranged, and not repetitious; author is Mary Margaret (Mrs Charles A.) Heaton.

        Reviewer points out that Vambery’s book (published by H. S. King & Co.) is on a very difficult subject, given the lack of sources and the lack of ‘the national life that might have tempted an historian.’

        Author is Luke Owen Pike.

        Cohn gives some account of German political economy, and the origin and characteristic tenets of the German ‘Manchester school.’ He also discusses the recent social movements which have brought the two schools together; these parties being scientific economists and the Manchester party. The article ends with remarks on the present state of economic science in Germany and abroad and offers a solution to the great questions of social life which have brought trouble to economists. This article discusses issues from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

        Review states the author (Theodore Keim) is unbiased, competent, and certain of his work.

        Review states that this work is a valuable chronicle of this specific historical event. Author is Lepel H. Griffin. The Rajas of the Punjab: being the History of the Principal States in the Punjab, and their Political Relations with the British Government.

        Simcox regards James Godkin’s book ( publisher is H. S. King & Co.) as almost too impartial.

        An essay on the constitutional background to contemporary debates about constitutional change in various European countries.

        Stephen reviews some of the known faults of Taine’s history of English literature, which include making critical judgments and a questionable philosophy, as well as leading principles of which it is difficult to grasp the meaning. Although Stephens points out Taine’s flaws, he still praises him.

        Offers a historical perspective on the relationship between Ireland and England, in light of the contemporary controversy over Isaac Butt’s proposals for home rule.

        Author is Robert Flint.

        Beesly gives a brief, but comprehensive view of the history of the republican party in France, followed by an estimate of the party’s prospects. This article states that because the Revolution was in full swing for two years before there was any republican party, that republicanism was not born out of the revolution, as if commonly believed. Beesly also discusses the bourgeoisie and peasant class. This article covers the late 18th century and the 19th century.

        Author is Sir Henry Summer Maine.

        Colvin discusses the pavement of the metropolitan church of the Virgin in Siena, arguing that the pavement of this church tells the whole artistic history (for nearly two hundred years) of a ‘brilliant community.’ Colvin discusses the addition to the church in 1260, which incorporated a Gothic style. The style of flooring and the subjects depicted on the floor are of concern. The coverage for this article is from the thirteenth century onward.

        Leslie describes two conceptions of political economy in Europe: English and German. The purpose of this article is to indicate some of the leading features in the history of this area of German thought, with some observations suggested by Dr. Roscher’s History of Political Economy in Germany. Leslie states that the German political economy is divided, by Roscher, into three periods: the theological and humanistic period, State regulation and fiscal science and the third begins with the introduction of the system of Physiocrats into Germany. The coverage begins in the late eighteenth century until the 1860s.

        Draws on historical evidence for a discussion of contemporary standards of chivalry and honour, and the status of a gentleman.

        Tylor discusses the origins of certain games and shows that they have a different meaning in some countries. Some games that Tylor discusses includes a seizing-game, ball games and sedentary games (which includes games that use lots or dice for gambling). Games from Brittany, Greece and Persia, etc. are discussed. Tylor concludes that there is progress in games, just as there is in civilization.

        Stephen states that during 1850-60 there were two great intellectual ‘shocks’, the first volume of Buckle’s History of Civilization and Darwin’s Origin of Species. Of the two, it is Darwin who receives more attention. Stephen critiques Buckle’s work and thoughts to help overcome this problem. Stephen criticizes Buckle, but views his work as valuable and is seen as an effective stimulant.

        Freeman’s article incorporates a history of history; including the reaction of the general public to history and those who write it. Historians must be prepared for criticism; and history is about truth. Freeman states that it is good for historians to be knowledgeable about specific periods in history, but most importantly, they should know the general outline of history.

        Pollock addresses the reasons why certain events, laws, etc. are important, and the ways in which legal institutions and ideas have power in politics. To do this, Pollock examines the legal aspect of English politics at critical points in history, when English institutions were most active. Three specific periods are used: the twelfth and thirteenth centuries when constructive work was done on English institutions, the struggle between King and Parliament, which resulted in the Civil War and the Commonwealth, and also the formation of the modern constitution which occurred after James II abdicated the throne.

        Leslie states that the concept of interest under the name of usury existed in a much earlier stage of society than is commonly assumed; usury has often been attributed to the Christian Church. Leslie says that two practices in relation to the payment of interest co-existed in the fourteenth century, one from social ‘infancy’ and the other developed in the progressing interaction between mercantile people. This article also discusses what the medieval rate of interest was during the fourteenth century onward. Also discussed are factors that cause interest to rise and fall.

        Examines the collections of letters between Baron Stael-Holstein and Baron Brinksman (on the revolution of 1783-1799) from 1783 to 1799. Editor is L. Leouzon Le Duc.

        Detailed account of events at a crucial point in the French revolution, raising the question about whether the rupture between the two nations could have been avoided.

        Smith aims to discount the historical guilt placed on the British for their involvement with the Irish. Two events are discussed to demonstrate how the British have been blamed: the Norman Conquest and the great European schism which brought on the religious wars of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Smith discusses these events and also explains North America’s role in the negative treatment of the Irish. There is also a brief comparison of the Irish in Canada and the U.S.

        These articles discuss the many events in history that have been portrayed in cartoon form in Punch, beginning with the Exhibition of 1851. Other events and people include the Pre-Raphaelite movement, bloomerism, Benjamin Disraeli and Napoleon. The article continues by incorporating more events and people that became the ‘butt’ of 'Mr Punch’s" cartoons. The time frame is 1851- 1861. Second contributor is Arthur William A Beckett.

        This article discusses events from 1861 until about 1864. Themes include war, politics and society. Topics of interest include the marriage of the Prince of Wales and Shakespeare. Second contributor is Francis Cowley Burnand.

        Seeley compares the policies of English governments in the two periods, with particular reference to the development of colonies and dependencies. Notes that in the 18th century, war takes the place of colonization. The occasion is the 1887 Rede Lecture at Cambridge.

        Offers a historical perspective on contemporary debates about two institutions: the role of bishops in the House of Lords and the role of the county magistracy.

        Examines 200 years of Irish history by examining what events different works focused on, how the events may have been presented differently by various historians, and looks at the work of Sullivan and Foster in the most detail.

        Gattie discusses the monopoly over lighthouses held by the ‘Elder Brothers’ of Trinity House who were able to raise money by means of tolls for the maintenance of their lights and buoys. The downfall of this group is also discussed. The coverage is the sixteenth century to the nineteenth century.

        Commenting on an article by J. D. Bourchier on the same subject, appearing in the previous issue.

        Anderson gives an outline of the history of the movement for women’s admission into the medical profession, discussing Elizabeth Blackwell and others, including herself. The coverage is the 1850s to the 1890s in Britain and Ireland.

        Reid argues that the history of England can be found in advertisements. Topics within these advertisements include book releases, religion, hygiene, politics and social history.

        Foxcroft discusses the wrongful conviction of the Jewish captain, Alfred Dreyfus and the anti-semitic sentiments that led to it. Other similar cases are intertwined into the story and proceedings of his case. The negative role of the press and British parliament are also discussed.

        Firth discusses guerrilla warfare as applied to the Boer war in South Africa, the Peninsular War, the American Civil war and other conflicts.

        Holyoake discusses self-helping co-operation, whose original aim was to increase the income of working people through industrial honesty, intelligence and independence. Holyoake discusses the two divisions of co-operation: Distributive and Productive. Also discussed is the opening of a working people’s store and factors that led to the failure of this co-operation. The discussion begins around 1777 until roughly 1900.

        Hall discusses the contents of Napoleon’s notebooks in order to discuss English history. He incorporates the life of Emperor Napoleon I from his birth, to his time in school, and his time in battle.

        Hillier discusses Korea’s origins, religion, customs and class systems, beginning in 70 AD. The history section includes rises and falls in the level of warfare and also discusses the rivalry between China and Japan for control of Korea.

        Under the pseudonym ‘Militarist,’ the author critiques the interpretation of the Boer war made by Leopold S. Amery, who edited the third volume of The Times history of the Boer War.

        Magnus discusses the history and persecution of the Jewish people from the time of the crusades onward.

        This article discusses the economic, political and military history of Holland. Garvin states that Dutch prosperity did not last and he discusses what caused the turn of events. The coverage is the seventeenth to the nineteenth century.

        Ferrero states that modern and ancient historians have different opinions of the love story of Cleopatra and Anthony; Modern historians view the romance with a sympathetic eye, while the ancient historians viewed it as dishonourable. Ferrero argues that there was little room for passion and much room for political motives in the relationship between Antony and Cleopatra.

        Books reviewed are J. W. Fortescue, History of the British Army and Lord Kitchener’s study.

        This article (signed ‘M’) discusses the origins of the Balkan League, those involved and the components of this group. The article brings the history up to 1912.